History of Pitch
 History of Musical Pitch The History of Musical Pitch in Tuning the Pianoforteby Edward E. Swenson
 Historic Temperaments. With demonstration of Bach Chorale played in different tunings
 History of pitch         From the U.K. Piano page
   JavaTuner - Historic Tunings - Explanation and examples

History of Pitch.	Temperaments.	Exercises.	Miscellaneous
Tuners.	Theory of Pitch /  Music Theory.	Converting Pitch  Ratio to Cents		TOP

TUNERS - Electrical and otherwise:
   Peterson Tuners - Professional strobe tuners and tuning equipment..
   Precision Strobe Tuners .
   Boss Tuner-Musictoyz.com.
   KORG.
   Seiko Metronomes DM20-440.
   Zounds.com/love.music?p=c.a,tuner&z=876024403139.
   Association of Blind Piano Tuners..
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History of Pitch.	Temperaments.	Exercises.	Miscellaneous
Tuners.	Theory of Pitch /  Music Theory.	Converting Pitch  Ratio to Cents		TOP

Temperaments / Calculators
   Understanding Temperaments
       .Equal temperament; Pythagore's tuning; Just intonation; Regular temprements; Irregular Temperments.
    Pythagorean Tuning and Medieval Polyphony.
    Temperaments  ..from Peretson tuners.
    Justonic tuning - Software for tuning via MIDI or PC
   The Music Calculator..
    Temperaments Calculate Pitcth in Various Tunings .
    "Well tempered is NOT "Equal Tempered". Werckmeister III .and Other tunings by Kyle Gann.
    Tuning Barbershop Chords:.(Just scale for Harmony / Pythagorean for Melody) - With examples
    JUST INTONATION .
         Proponents of an ancient system of intonation that has been neglected since the introduction of the tempered scale.
   The Well-Tempered Scale -  Jim Loy
  Equal Temperment and the Classical Guitar.  Jeremy Locke - Luthier
  Converting Pitch Ratio to Cents.

History of Pitch.	Temperaments.	Exercises.	Miscellaneous
Tuners.	Theory of Pitch /  Music Theory.	Converting Pitch  Ratio to Cents		TOP

Exercises
   Interval Drills.
   The tuning CD. Exercises to help you hear intonation on your instument.
   Melody Assistant Software from Myriad Software.
   Shruti Boxes .This has been recommended as an aid in practicing intonation against a "drone"
Computer Assisted Pitch:
   Auto-Tune software - NPR Story-Software Helps Singers Find Perfect Pitch.  - Hear NPR's Renee Mongtagne-before and after pitch correction
   Ear Training Companion "ETC"  for Windows 98.

History of Pitch.	Temperaments.	Exercises.	Miscellaneous
Tuners.	Theory of Pitch /  Music Theory.	Converting Pitch  Ratio to Cents		TOP

Music theory & Pitch Theory
  Helsinki Physics Professor Arto's Music Pages.String Calculator.String Diameter/Tension Drawer..
  Scale Cruncher  - Need to check how to spell a Mixolydian scale on d flat ??
  Gary Ewer's "Easy Music Theory".
  "String Quartet" tuning thread.Violin tuning (Pitches on bottom of page) .
 INTONATION, A=440    Tuning Devices -- Fact and Fiction - Advice on using the chromatic tuner
  Pitch center of musical sounds.Study showing it is the MEAN pitch we hear in vibrato-NOT the highest.
  FreeSheetMusic.com - Music Theory Links.
  The Equal Tempered Scale and Some Peculiarities of Piano Tuning . Jim Campbell
   Scale Cruncher  - Need to check how to spell a Mixolydian scale on d flat ??
   Neurophysiology - Abstracts from the Journal of Neuroscience
  The Nature of a Sound Wave - From High School Physics Tutorial .
Music Notation
- Abstracts from the Journal of Neuroscience
North Indian Music Notation. .
Byzantine psalmodic notation, more or less codified in the 14th century
Wen-Zi-Pu, (literate notation  480-221 B.C) created by a qin player Yong Men-Zhou .
Jewish Cantillation .

History of Pitch.	Temperaments.	Exercises.	Miscellaneous
Tuners.	Theory of Pitch /  Music Theory.	Converting Pitch  Ratio to Cents		TOP

Miscellaneous
   Dictionary of tuning terms: wafso-just ????.
   The J.S. Bach Home Page.
   Equal-Tempered Scales with Few Notes. Building up from the One Note Samba
   Lowest "note" found in the universe: Article. Picture and Explanation  from Nasa .
    Violin acounstics - article on Norman Pickering  .

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History of Pitch.	Temperaments.	Exercises.	Miscellaneous
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Converting Pitch Ratio to Cents: from Kyle Gann.
Divide 1200 by the logarithm of 2.
If you use base 10 logarithms (any base is permitted), 1200/log 2 = 3986.3137...
   For any ratio n/p,  the number of cents in the interval is
                         log (n/p) x 1200/log 2
                           If you're using log 10, then
                          cents = log (n/p) x 3986.3137...

Using this formula, we can compare the just scale to the equal tempered scale:
C =  1   = 0 cents               (0)
D =  9/8 = 203.91 cents  (+  4)
E =  5/4 = 386.31  cents     (- 14)
F  =  4/3 = 498 cents           (-  2)
G =  3/2 = 702 cents          (+  2)
A = 5/3  =  884                  (- 16)
B = 15/8  = 1088               (- 12)
C'= 2  =   1200 cents           (0)
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History of Pitch.	Temperaments.	Exercises.	Miscellaneous
Tuners.	Theory of Pitch /  Music Theory.	Converting Pitch  Ratio to Cents		TOP